Freight transport electrification is one of the key potential solutions to minimize the use of energy. However, the use of heavy-duty electric vehicles (HDEV) may pose a challenge to existing pavement infrastructure due to their heavier axle loads and increased torque instantaneously. This study introduced a generalized approach to quantify the combined damage induced by HDEV on asphalt concrete (AC) pavements. Near-surface distresses, generally overlooked in traditional pavement design frameworks, were considered. Using finite element modeling, mechanistic-empirical transfer functions, and a cumulative damage approach, a comparative analysis of the damage induced by various HDEV battery placements on a full-depth pavement section relative to the conventional internal combustion engine heavy-duty vehicle (ICEV). Failure mechanisms such as cracking and shoving were considered. The study introduced a truck damage index (TDI) as a potential adjustment metric to the traffic factor input in pavement design. It offers a practical methodology to integrate HDEV into pavement design and analysis. In addition, the approach provides generalized modifications in pavement design frameworks to accommodate other emerging or future vehicle technologies, including platoons.
Flexible Pavement Damage Quantification for Heavy-Duty Electric Trucks
International Airfield and Highway Pavements Conference 2025 ; 2025 ; Glendale, Arizona
Airfield and Highway Pavements 2025 ; 646-656
2025-06-05
Conference paper
Electronic Resource
English
Heavy trucks, climate and pavement damage
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