This paper describes in detail the applicability of the developed ground-penetrating radar (GPR) model with a kinematic GPR and self-tracking (robotic) terrestrial positioning system (TPS) surveying setup (GPR-TPS model) for the acquisition, processing and visualisation of underground utility infrastructure (UUI) in a real urban environment. The integration of GPR with TPS can significantly improve the accuracy of UUI positioning in a real urban environment by means of efficient control of GPR trajectories. Two areas in the urban part of Celje in Slovenia were chosen. The accuracy of the kinematic GPR-TPS model was analysed by comparing the three-dimensional (3D) position of UUI given as reference values (true 3D position) from the officially consolidated cadastre of utility infrastructure in the Republic of Slovenia and those obtained by the GPR-TPS method. To determine the reference 3D position of the GPR antenna and UUI, the same positional and height geodetic network was used. Small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) were used for recording to provide a better spatial display of the results of UUI obtained with the GPR-TPS method. As demonstrated by the results, the kinematic GPR-TPS model for data acquisition can achieve an accuracy of fewer than 15 centimetres in a real urban environment.
Application of kinematic GPR-TPS model with high 3D georeference accuracy for underground utility infrastructure mapping
2021-11-26
Remote sensing, vol. 12, no. 8, art 1228, 2020. ; ISSN: 2072-4292
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
underground utility infrastructure , horizontal accuracy , kinematic GPR-TPS model , vertical accuracy , brezpilotni letalnik , testing pools , podzemna gospodarska infrastruktura , vertikalna natančnost , horizontalna natančnost , unmanned aerial vehicle , sistem za samodejno sledenje položaja , kinematični GPR-TPS model , info:eu-repo/classification/udc/550.3 , realno urbano okolje , self-tracking terrestrial positioning system , real urban environment
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