The application of dual-mode propulsion concepts to fully reusable single-stage-to-orbit (SSTO) vehicles is discussed. Dual-mode propulsion uses main rocket engines that consume hydrocarbon fuels as well as liquid hydrogen fuel. Liquid oxygen is used as the oxidizer. These engine concepts were integrated into transportation vehicle designs capable of vertical takeoff, delivering a payload to earth orbit, and return to earth with a horizontal landing. Benefits of these vehicles were assessed and compared with vehicles using single-mode propulsion (liquid hydrogen and oxygen engines). Technology requirements for such advanced transportation systems were indentified. Figures of merit, including life-cycle cost savings and research costs, were derived for dual-mode technology programs, and were used for assessments of potential benefits of proposed technology activities. Dual-mode propulsion concepts display potential for significant cost and performance benefits when applied to SSTO vehicles.
Technology Requirements for Advanced Earth-Orbital Transportation Systems, Dual-Mode Propulsion
1977
88 pages
Report
No indication
English
Astronautics , Manned Spacecraft , Combustion, Engines, & Propellants , Propulsion system configurations , Single stage rocket vehicles , Space transportation , Spacecraft propulsion , Orbital mechanics , Aerospaceplanes , Hydrocarbon fuels , Liquid hydrogen , Liquid oxygen , Liquid rocket propellants