This paper will review the historical development of reference and standard atmosphere models and their applications. The evolution of the U.S. Standard Atmosphere will be addressed, along with the Range Reference Atmospheres and, in particular, the NASA Global Reference Atmospheric Model (GRAM). The extensive scope and content of the GRAM will be addressed since it represents the most extensive and complete 'Reference' atmosphere model in use today. Its origin was for engineering applications and that remains today as its principal use.


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    Title :

    Atmospheric Models for Engineering Applications


    Contributors:

    Conference:

    41st AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit ; 2003 ; Reno, NV, United States


    Publication date :

    2002-01-01


    Type of media :

    Preprint


    Type of material :

    No indication


    Language :

    English




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