This study investigated exposure of PM2.5 to the commuters travelling in various modes of transportation. Three types of transport mode were selected to conduct this study, namely bus, car and auto-rickshaw. Further, a total of five categories made out of three transport modes were finalized for the study, i.e. car with and without air-conditioning; bus with and without air-conditioning; and auto-rickshaw. The monitoring was done during morning, evening and off-peak hours of the day. The measured concentration inside non-AC bus as well as in non-AC car was found much higher than the permissible limits. On the other hand, among AC vehicles, slight variation was observed in the concentration of particulate matter during different monitoring hours. AC car was found to be the most efficient among the rest with PM2.5 detected as minimum as 43.8 µg/m3 in evening peak hours followed by AC bus with minimum average PM2.5 detected as 52.2 µg/m3 during off-peak hours. Remarkably, among all the selected commuting modes, the highest concentration was found in auto-rickshaw (>100 μg/m3). The results report that the fine particulate level to a very large extent is affected by the mode of transport as well as the air-conditioning and ventilation system. It was observed that close modes with air-conditioning has reduced the exposure level than open modes.


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    Title :

    Commuters’ Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter in Delhi City


    Additional title:

    Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering




    Publication date :

    2020-08-29


    Size :

    9 pages





    Type of media :

    Article/Chapter (Book)


    Type of material :

    Electronic Resource


    Language :

    English






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