The medical certification requirements for orbital flight are by several orders of magnitude more demanding and restrictive than those for suborbital flight since most, if not all physiological systems, are affected by microgravity, some more seriously than others. In addition, significant pathophysiological effects have been observed in astronauts, such as crewmembers being incapacitated for several days early in a mission due to repeated vomiting associated with space motion sickness. Other astronauts have suffered serious postflight orthostatic intolerance induced by cardiovascular deconditioning [2, 13, 21], and yet others have experienced significant bone loss.


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    Manned Spaceflight Certification (IAA 91-587)

    Wright, K. M. / De Montlivault, J. L. / International Academy of Astronautics | British Library Conference Proceedings | 1993




    Certification Rules and Standards Review

    Schlickenmaier, Herbert / Voss, Mark G. / Wilkinson, Ronald E. | NTRS | 2019