Electric vehicles are set to play a prominent role in addressing the energy and environmental impact of an increasing road transport population by offering a more energy efficient and less polluting drive-train alternative to conventional internal combustion engine vehicles. This paper discusses the detailed simulation and test evaluation of a laboratory based electric vehicle traction system incorporating a supercapacitor peak power buffer, valve-regulated- sealed lead-acid traction battery and high efficiency permanent magnet traction machine and power conversion electronics. The results illustrate the functionality of the peak power buffer for acceleration and regenerative power transients, thus improving battery energy utilisation and recovery of vehicle kinetic energy during braking. The integration of vehicle system components and the development of energy management philosophies are significantly enhanced by the facility of a detailed and re-configurable simulation based design tool. The use of a peak power buffer can significantly reduce peak currents drawn from the traction battery of an electric vehicle resulting in a marked improvement in vehicle range and battery lifetime. A peak power buffer is an essential drive- train element if vehicle kinetic energy is to be fully exploited during regenerative braking. Additionally, with appropriate energy management of the vehicle dual energy and peak power sources, the response of the vehicle is more consistent when accelerating and braking, since it is independent of the traction battery state-of-charge. The variable DC link architecture, where the power buffer is directly connected to the traction drive, yields promising results for both supercapacitor and flywheel systems. However, careful energy management is required to ensure effective use of the limited energy storage capacity of the peak power buffer whilst maintaining system voltage stability.
Regenerative braking for all-electric vehicles
Regenerative Bremse für Elektrofahrzeuge
2002
9 Seiten, 6 Bilder, 2 Tabellen, 4 Quellen
Conference paper
English
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