Industrial gases include atmospheric gases, particularly nitrogen, oxygen, and argon, as well as such common gases as carbon dioxide, helium and hydrogen. Industrial gases also include acetylene and other fuel gases, as well as shielding gas mixtures used in plant maintenance and repair operations (MRO). Selecting and specifying the grade of gas for a given industrial or specialty applications can be complicated. With few exceptions, there is no standard terminology nor any universal standards for naming gases or grades. Therefore it is better to begin with the physical characteristics of the gas requirement, in terms of volume, pressure, temperature and purity. Volume and pressure requirements are driven by the actual application, and they determine the appropriate mode of gas supply and gas management system. Purity of the gas as received is generally not a concern for most industrial applications when the plant uses gas obtained from a liquid source. When it comes to selecting and specifying industrial gases, specialty gases in particular, many inexperienced users specify names and grades. But specifications and cylinder size vary from supplier to supplier. In sight to the purity is not important the purity per se but the actual impurities found in the gas. The three contaminants that affect most chromatographic applications are oxygen, moisture and hydrocarbons. These can create ghost peaks, affect retention times, increase baseline noise and reduce column life. Since, in general, the higher the purity, the higher the cost, users need to select a gas for chromatography that has the lowest level of these specific impurities that their system will tolerate. Selecting a gas that is higher in purity than required may waste money with no reasonable improvement in performance. Gas calibration mixtures are applied for quality-control, analytical or related plant purposes. In selection a calibration gas mixture is to consider both the preparation tolerance, which depends on the wquipment and procedures used in mixing, and the analytical tolerances defined by the uncertainties inherent in the analysis process, the relevant instrumentation, and the calibration operation itself. For the modes of delivery there are several possibilities: gas cylinders, liquid cylinders, tube trailers, microbulk tanks, bulk storage, and gas generators. The first step in choosing a supply mode for a given gas at a plant is to look at the application requirements in relation to volume and pressure and others. There are situations in which environmental or regulatory considerations suggest or dictate a particular mode of supply. For example, when considering the use of bulk tanks for flammable gases it is necessary to have a sufficient distance between the proposed tanks and other structures. In selecting the optimal delivery mode, including the handling with used replaced cylinders and return-delivery to the supplier, it is a optimum to create a supply chain of supplier and buyer as a basement for a conflictless cooperation.


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    Title :

    Optimize your deliveries of industrial gases


    Additional title:

    Optimierung von Industriegaslieferungen


    Contributors:

    Published in:

    Publication date :

    2005


    Size :

    8 Seiten, 4 Bilder, 3 Quellen



    Type of media :

    Article (Journal)


    Type of material :

    Print


    Language :

    English




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