Automobile dependence is assessed in terms of its direct and indirect costs for 37 global cities. The data show that cities with the most car use, road provision, and urban sprawl have the highest road expenditure, the least transit cost recovery, the most spent on commuting, the highest external costs from road deaths and emissions, and the largest proportion of city wealth going into transportation. As well, the newly developing Asian cities are showing that their automobile-oriented planning is proving to be costly in economic and environmental terms. The costs of automobile dependence in a globally competitive urban environment cannot be simply rationalized away due to apparent or perceived benefits of automobile-based lifestyles.
Costs of Automobile Dependence: Global Survey of Cities
Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board
Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board ; 1670 , 1 ; 17-26
1999-01-01
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
Costs of Automobile Dependence: Global Survey of Cities
British Library Conference Proceedings | 1999
|Part 1 -- Human Environment - Costs of Automobile Dependence: Global Survey of Cities
Online Contents | 1999
|Sustainability and cities : overcoming automobile dependence
TIBKAT | 1999
|Cities and automobile dependence : a sourcebook
TIBKAT | 1989
|Cities and automobile dependence : a sourcebook
GWLB - Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Bibliothek | 1989
|