The efficiency and scalability of geographical routing depend on the accuracy of location information of vehicles. Each vehicle determines its location using global positioning system (GPS) or other positioning systems. Related literature in geographical routing implicitly assumes accurate location information. However, this assumption is unrealistic considering the accuracy limitation of GPS and obstruction of signals by road side environments. The inaccurate location information results in performance degradation of geographical routing protocols in vehicular environments. In this context, this study proposes a location error resilient geographical routing (LER‐GR) protocol. Rayleigh distribution‐based error calculation technique is utilised for assessing error in the location of neighbouring vehicles. Kalman filter‐based location prediction and correction technique is developed to predict the location of the neighbouring vehicles. The next forwarding vehicle is selected based on the least error in location information. Simulations are carried out to evaluate the performance of LER‐GR in realistic environments, considering junction‐based as well as real map‐based road networks. The comparative performance evaluation attests the location error resilient capability of LER‐GR in a vehicular environment.
Location error resilient geographical routing for vehicular ad‐hoc networks
IET Intelligent Transport Systems ; 11 , 8 ; 450-458
2017-10-01
9 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
location error resilient geographical routing , Kalman filters , vehicular ad hoc networks , real map‐based road networks , global positioning system , VANET , routing protocols , vehicular ad‐hoc networks , Global Positioning System , location prediction , Kalman filter , Rayleigh channels , error calculation technique , vehicular environment , LER‐GR protocol , Rayleigh distribution , GPS , road side environments , correction technique , geographical routing protocols
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