The electric buses have been widely deployed in the recent years. Electrified public transport fleets may reach massive charging powers and electricity generation mix related carbon emissions, and electricity costs could be very high due to dynamic pricing tariffs. Charging coordination approaches gain importance to minimize the related electricity costs and carbon emissions, managing the charging durations based on the available parking times during the day. Such coordination systems can also be a potential target for cyberattacks, aiming to cause financial losses or interrupt public services. In this study, cybersecurity of public transport is taken into consideration analyzing cyberattack impacts. A real route, of Istanbul Municipality public transport is selected, and the related time schedules are considered. The study also takes into account the impact of rush hours (number of passengers per trip, changing energy consumption per km), traffic congestion (affecting trip times) and assigns busses to each trip, ensuring public transport service with no interruptions, considering the minimum time windows needed for charging the buses and satisfying the public transport mobility need of the community. The study proposes an algorithm for reducing costs in dynamic pricing tariffs, where the hourly pricing rate of electricity changes, or reducing carbon emission by performing low-carbon charging based on the carbon emission of the grid electricity generation mix. The proposed algorithm is compared with a deterministic charging methodology in which the buses are charged between each trip for a fixed duration. The impacts of a data swapping attack that targets the public transport fleet charging coordination system is investigated in simulations. The results are compared in terms of daily total electricity costs and carbon emissions of the whole fleet. All the data regarding gathered from the official resources to investigate realistic scenarios.
Electric Bus Public Transport Cybersecurity
24.08.2024
1400292 byte
Aufsatz (Konferenz)
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
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