This report characterises the losses of benzene into the atmosphere from three typical European passenger cars during average daily use. Three sources of loss are identified: losses during refuelling, evaporation from fuel systems and emissions in exhaust gases. The relative contributions of these sources are discussed and the report evaluates the effectiveness of various alternative means of control, including regulating the composition of motor gasoline by controlling the benzene content, and fitting control devices to passenger cars. (Copyright (c) CONCAWE Den Haag December 1983.)


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    Titel :

    Benzene Emissions from Passenger Cars


    Beteiligte:
    J. M. Tims (Autor:in)

    Erscheinungsdatum :

    1983


    Format / Umfang :

    32 pages


    Medientyp :

    Report


    Format :

    Keine Angabe


    Sprache :

    Englisch




    Benzene emissions from passenger cars

    Tims,J.M. / Concawe,Europ.Organ.for environ.and health prot.,Den Haag,NL | Kraftfahrwesen | 1983


    Aldehyde Emissions from Passenger Cars

    Lies, K.H. | Tema Archiv | 1986


    Exhaust Methane Emissions from Passenger Cars

    Zervas, Efthimios / Panousi, Eleni | SAE Technical Papers | 2010


    Real-world emissions from conventional passenger cars

    Ross, M. / Goodwin, R. / Watkins, R. et al. | Tema Archiv | 1998


    Emissions from Modern Passenger Cars with Malfunctioning Emissions Controls

    Ross, Marc / Wenzel, Tom | SAE Technical Papers | 1996