The existing technical solutions to blackwater waste disposal problems of Great Lakes commercial vessels were defined and documented by conducting a survey of ship and port operators. The problems, posed by winter conditions to the operation and performance of waste disposal facilities were examined and analyzed for a projected winter navigation season. Shoreside disposal facilities were inventoried for number, type, limitations, winter weather problems and technical solutions to these problems. Shipboard facilities, marine sanitation devices, were evaluated for treatment performance and operation under general and winter conditions. The effects of blackwater treated by marine sanitation devices on the Great Lakes ecosystem were evaluated for short and long term impacts during an extended as well as normal navigation season. Various state and federal blackwater disposal regulations were discussed and the economic effects of these regulations on ship operations were evaluated for each type of treatment, with special attention given to holding tank design and costs.
Disposal of Vessel Wastes: Shipboard and Shoreside Facilities. Phase One: Blackwater
1979
245 pages
Report
Keine Angabe
Englisch
Water Pollution & Control , Marine Engineering , Cargo ships , Sewage treatment , Great Lakes , Surveys , Harbor facilities , Marine transportation , Shores , Winter , Economic factors , Regulations , Tanks(Containers) , Design , Cost analysis , Evaluation , Shipboard sewage treatment systems , Blackwater
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