In this paper a biomechanical basis for pedestrian protection is presented based on reviews of epidemiological and biomechanical studies conducted over the last three decades. Epidemiological studies reveal the nature and cause of pedestrian crashes and injuries sustained in the field. The various factors that influence pedestrian crashes and fatalities such as pedestrian demographics, time and location of crash, type of vehicles involved and their design characteristics, impact speeds, and nature and severity of injuries sustained are covered in the epidemiology section. The biomechanical studies identify the injury mechanisms and the biomechanical tolerances. Several biomechanical studies that attempt to identify the injury mechanisms and quantify the tolerances are critical reviewed in this paper, and the existing gaps in literature are identified. Further, the three primary injury mechanisms for pedestrian lower extremity injuries are highlighted, and an injury mechanism for depressed tibial fracture is hypothesized. The effect of exterior vehicle parameters such as bumper height, bumber stiffness, hood length, hood stiffness, bumper lead angle on the nature and severity of injuries sustained are also discussed. The biomechanical injury criteria and tolerance values in a proposed draft ECE pedestrian regulation are also presented. Finally conclusions are drawn based on the epidemiological and biomechanical studies, which lead to a proposal for future work.


    Zugriff

    Zugriff über TIB

    Verfügbarkeit in meiner Bibliothek prüfen

    Bestellung bei Subito €


    Exportieren, teilen und zitieren



    Titel :

    The biomechanical aspects of pedestrian protection


    Weitere Titelangaben:

    Biomechanische Aspekte von Fußgängerschutz


    Beteiligte:
    Aekbote, K. (Autor:in) / Schuster, P.J. (Autor:in) / Kankanala, S.V. (Autor:in) / Sundararajan, S. (Autor:in) / Rouhana, S.W. (Autor:in)

    Erschienen in:

    Erscheinungsdatum :

    2003


    Format / Umfang :

    25 Seiten, 9 Bilder, 6 Tabellen, 46 Quellen




    Medientyp :

    Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)


    Format :

    Print


    Sprache :

    Englisch




    The biomechanical aspects of pedestrian protection

    Aekbote, Krishnakanth | Online Contents | 2003


    The biomechanical aspects of pedestrian protection

    Aekbote,K. / Schuster,P.J. / Kankanala,S.V. et al. | Kraftfahrwesen | 2003


    Pedestrian and cyclist impact : a biomechanical perspective

    Simms, Ciaran ;Wood, Denis | SLUB | 2009


    Pedestrian and cyclist impact : a biomechanical perspective

    Simms, Ciaran / Wood, Denis | TIBKAT | 2009


    New aspects of pedestrian protection loading and injury pattern in simulated pedestrian accidents

    Kallieris,D. / Schmidt,G. / Univ.Heidelberg,DE | Kraftfahrwesen | 1988