Planning photovoltaic systems (PVs) and battery storage systems (BSSs) in distribution networks (DNs) needs to consider many aspects simultaneously. In this paper, three important issues have been investigated, namely, increases of incremental load density, electric vehicles (EVs), and the allowed reverse active power flow (ARAPF) from the DN back to the connecting transmission network (TN). Three PVs are considered to be connected to a real IEEE 41-bus ADN, and remunerated by using a feed-in tariff (FIT) price model. Maximum curtailed PV power and maximum spilled energy are used as criteria to elucidate the impact of these issues an sizing a BSS to save expected PV energy losses. The most economically attractive scenario occurs when the trend of increase of PV power generation and of demand is same. From this study, many rules can be derived which will be useful for planners of DNs to make optimal decisions. It is important to emphasize that the planning process considered in this paper has a static nature, while more sophisticated dynamics would be considered in our future works.
Impact of allowed reverse active power flow on planning PVs and BSSs in distribution networks considering demand and EVs growth
2013
6 Seiten, 7 Bilder, 3 Tabellen, 21 Quellen
Aufsatz (Konferenz)
Englisch