This research undertakes an investigation of global fuel cell vehicle (FCV) deployment, cognizant of optimal economic deployment and stakeholder preferences in a case study of Japan out to the year 2050. The model is mathematically formulated as a large‐scale linear optimization problem, aiming to minimize system costs, including generation type, fuel, conversion, and carbon reduction, subject to the constraint of carbon dioxide reduction targets. Results show that between ∼0.8 and 2% of global energy consumption needs can be met by hydrogen by 2050, with city gas and transport emerging as significant use cases. Passenger FCVs and hydrogen buses account for most of the hydrogen‐based transportation sector, leading to a global deployment of ∼120 million FCVs by 2050. Hydrogen production is reliant on fossil fuels, and OECD nations are net importers – especially Japan. To underpin hydrogen production from fossil fuels, carbon capture and storage is required in significant quantities when anticipating a large fleet of FCVs. Stakeholder engagement suggests optimism toward FCV deployment while policy issues identified include the necessity for large‐scale future energy system investment and rapid technical and economic feasibility progress for renewables and electrolysers to achieve a hydrogen economy which is not reliant on fossil fuels.
Hydrogen penetration and fuel cell vehicle deployment in the carbon constrained future energy system
IET Electrical Systems in Transportation ; 10 , 4 ; 409-416
01.12.2020
8 pages
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
renewable energy sources , maximum penetration scenarios , minimum penetration scenarios , FCV deployment , fossil fuels , electrolysers , optimal economic deployment , city gas , stakeholder preferences , carbon reduction costs , global model , large‐scale future energy system investment , hydrogen buses , global energy consumption , carbon compounds , global deployment , air pollution control , optimisation , hydrogen production , carbon capture and storage , future hydrogen penetration , transportation , renewable energy technologies , carbon‐constrained energy system , large‐scale linear optimisation problem , global fuel cell vehicle deployment , fuel cell vehicles , conversion costs , investment , carbon dioxide reductions , carbon capture , hydrogen‐based transportation sector , fuel costs , hydrogen economy
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